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1.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 95(5): 575-583, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040361

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: Evaluate the association between inflammatory process, adiposity, and vitamins A, D, and E in adolescents, according to gender. Methods: Cross-sectional study with adolescents aged 12-19 years old of both genders attending public schools in Recife. A questionnaire was used to collect data on socioeconomic level, lifestyle, and food intake of adolescents. Then, an anthropometric evaluation and a blood sampling were performed to analyze serum concentrations of α-1-acid glycoprotein, retinol, β-carotene, α-tocopherol, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D. Results: The levels of α-1-acid glycoprotein were higher for abdominal obesity in both genders. Male adolescents with insufficient serum α-tocopherol levels had low levels of α-1-acid glycoprotein (p = 0.03) and an increased risk of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and β-carotene deficiency in relation to total and abdominal fat; female adolescents had an increased risk of insufficient β-carotene with abdominal obesity (PR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.2-1.5). Conclusion: Abdominal adiposity implies a higher risk of inflammation and causes different changes to the levels of fat-soluble vitamins according to gender.


Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre processo inflamatório, adiposidade e as vitaminas A, D e E em adolescentes, segundo o sexo. Métodos: Estudo transversal com adolescentes de 12 a 19 anos de ambos os sexos de escolas públicas de Recife. Foi utilizado um questionário para coleta de dados socioeconômicos, de estilo de vida e de consumo alimentar dos adolescentes. Em seguida, realizou-se a avalição antropométrica e coleta de sangue para análise das concentrações séricas de α-1-glicoproteína ácida, retinol, β-caroteno, α-tocoferol e 25-hidroxivitamina D. Resultados: Os níveis de α-1-glicoproteína ácida foram maiores na obesidade abdominal de ambos os sexos. Os meninos com níveis séricos insuficientes de α-tocoferol expressaram níveis reduzidos de α-1-glicoproteína ácida (p = 0,03) e apresentaram um maior risco de deficiência de 25-hidroxivitamina D e β-caroteno na adiposidade total e abdominal, enquanto as meninas mostraram maior risco de insuficiência de β-caroteno com a obesidade abdominal (RP 1,33; IC 95% 1,2-1,5). Conclusão: A adiposidade abdominal reflete maior risco de inflamação e causa alterações distintas nas concentrações das vitaminas lipossolúveis, de acordo com o sexo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Vitamins/metabolism , Adiposity/physiology , Inflammation/metabolism , Obesity/metabolism , Reference Values , Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives , Orosomucoid/analysis , Carotenoids/blood , Anthropometry , Nutritional Status , Cross-Sectional Studies , Inflammation/etiology , Inflammation/physiopathology , Obesity/complications , Obesity/physiopathology
2.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 33(12): e00136616, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-889642

ABSTRACT

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a associação entre o consumo alimentar inadequado de micronutrientes e indicadores de obesidade geral e abdominal. Análise transversal, da segunda onda do estudo longitudinal EpiFloripa Adultos, incluindo 1.222 indivíduos de 22-63 anos, residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Os dados de consumo alimentar foram obtidos mediante aplicação de dois recordatórios de 24 horas, sendo o consumo habitual e as prevalências de inadequação no consumo de cálcio, ferro, zinco, e das vitaminas A, C, D e E estimadas conforme as recomendações do Instituto de Medicina e do Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa dos Estados Unidos. O estado nutricional de obesidade geral foi determinado considerando-se valores do índice de massa corporal (IMC), e a obesidade abdominal, considerando-se valores da circunferência da cintura (CC). Para a maioria dos micronutrientes investigados (cálcio, vitaminas A, C, D e E), as médias de consumo mostraram-se aquém dos valores recomendados, com prevalências elevadas de inadequação para toda a amostra. Somente a inadequação no consumo de vitamina C foi maior entre indivíduos obesos (geral ou abdominal). Além disso, associação inversa foi observada entre o menor consumo de cálcio e ferro com valores maiores do IMC e da CC, e entre o menor consumo das vitaminas A e D com valores maiores da CC (β = -0,92cm; IC95%: -1,76; -0,08 e β = -0,69cm; IC95%: -1,32; -0,06, respectivamente), principalmente entre adultos jovens. Foi possível identificar a existência de associação inversa entre o consumo alimentar inadequado de micronutrientes e o estado nutricional de obesidade geral e abdominal também em uma amostra de adultos residentes no Sul do Brasil.


Abstract: The study's objective was to investigate the association between inadequate dietary consumption of micronutrients and indicators of general and abdominal obesity. Cross-sectional analysis of the second wave of the EpiFloripa Adults longitudinal study, including 1,222 individuals, aged 22-63 years and residing in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil. Food consumption data was obtained from two 24-hour food recalls, and habitual consumption and prevalence rates of inadequate consumption of calcium, iron, zinc, and vitamins A, C, D, and E were estimated according to the Institute of Medicine and National Research Council guidelines. General obesity was defined based on the body mass index (BMI) values and abdominal obesity was based on waist circumference (WC) values. For most of the micronutrients investigated (calcium and vitamins A, C, D, and E), consumption levels were below the recommendations, with high prevalence of inadequate consumption in the sample as a whole. Only inadequate vitamin C intake was higher among obese individuals (general or abdominal). In addition, there was an inverse association between lower consumption of calcium and iron and higher BMI and WC, and between lower consumption of vitamins A and D and higher WC levels (β = -0.92cm; 95%CI: -1.76; -0.08 and β = -0.69 cm; 95%CI: -1.32; -0.06, respectively), especially in young adults. The study showed an inverse association between inadequate dietary consumption of micronutrients and general and abdominal obesity in a sample of adults in Southern Brazil.


Resumen: El objetivo del estudio fue investigar la asociación entre el consumo alimentario inadecuado de micronutrientes e indicadores de obesidad general y abdominal. Métodos: análisis transversal, de la segunda fase del estudio longitudinal EpiFloripa Adultos, incluyendo 1.222 individuos de 22-63 años, residentes en Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Sur de Brasil. Los datos de consumo alimentario fueron obtenidos mediante aplicación de dos recordatorios de 24 horas, siendo estimados, conforme las recomendaciones del Instituto de Medicina y del Consejo Nacional de Investigación, de los EEUU. El estado nutricional de obesidad general fue determinado considerándose valores del índice de masa corporal (IMC), y la obesidad abdominal, considerándose valores de la circunferencia de la cintura (CC). Para la mayoría de los micronutrientes investigados (calcio, vitaminas A, C, D y E), las medias de consumo fueron menores que las recomendaciones, con prevalencias elevadas de inadecuación para toda la muestra. Solamente la inadecuación en el consumo de vitamina C fue mayor entre individuos obesos (general o abdominal). Además, asociación inversa fue observada entre el menor consumo de calcio e hierro con valores mayores de IMC y de la CC, y entre el menor consumo de vitaminas A y D con valores mayores de la CC (β = -0,92cm; IC95%: -1,76; -0,08 y β = -0,69cm; IC95%: -1,32; -0,06), principalmente entre adultos jóvenes. Fue posible identificar la existencia de asociación inversa entre el consumo alimentario inadecuado de micronutrientes y el estado nutricional de obesidad general y abdominal en una muestra de adultos residentes en el Sur de Brasil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Trace Elements/metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism , Body Mass Index , Diet Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Waist Circumference/physiology , Obesity/etiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Reference Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Avitaminosis/complications , Trace Elements/deficiency , Brazil/epidemiology , Energy Intake , Linear Models , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Factors , Diet/adverse effects , Middle Aged , Obesity/metabolism
3.
Biol. Res ; 48: 1-10, 2015. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950780

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacity of bioactive metabolites present in Newbouldia laevis leaf extract. RESULTS: Chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods were used in the study and modified where necessary in the study. Bioactivity of the extract was determined at 10 µg/ml, 50 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml, 200 µg/ml and 400 µg/ml concentrations expressed in % inhibition. The yield of the ethanolic leaf extract of N.laevis was 30.3 g (9.93%). Evaluation of bioactive metabolic constituents gave high levels of ascorbic acid (515.53 ± 12 IU/100 g [25.7 mg/100 g]), vitamin E (26.46 ± 1.08 IU/100 g), saponins (6.2 ± 0.10), alkaloids (2.20 ± 0.03), cardiac glycosides(1.48 ± 0.22), amino acids and steroids (8.01 ± 0.04) measured in mg/100 g dry weight; moderate levels of vitamin A (188.28 ± 6.19 IU/100 g), tannins (0.09 ± 0.30), terpenoids (3.42 ± 0.67); low level of flavonoids (1.01 ± 0.34 mg/100 g) and absence of cyanogenic glycosides, carboxylic acids and aldehydes/ketones. The extracts percentage inhibition of DPPH, hydroxyl radical (OH.), superoxide anion (O2 .-), iron chelating, nitric oxide radical (NO), peroxynitrite (ONOO-), singlet oxygen (1O2), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and FRAP showed a concentration-dependent antioxidant activity with no significant difference with the controls. Though, IC50 of the extract showed significant difference only in singlet oxygen (1O2) and iron chelating activity when compared with the controls. CONCLUSIONS: The extract is a potential source of antioxidants/free radical scavengers having important metabolites which maybe linked to its ethno-medicinal use.


Subject(s)
Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Free Radical Scavengers/isolation & purification , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Bignoniaceae/chemistry , Metabolome/physiology , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Phenols/analysis , Vitamins/isolation & purification , Vitamins/metabolism , Flavonoids/analysis , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Iron Chelating Agents/isolation & purification , Reactive Oxygen Species/isolation & purification , Hydroxyl Radical/analysis , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Secondary Metabolism/physiology , Nigeria , Nitric Oxide/metabolism
4.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 64(4): 220-230, dic. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-752701

ABSTRACT

Dado que la nutrición puede influenciar el proceso de carcinogénesis, los objetivos de este estudio son revisar la relación del estado nutricional y el cáncer considerando el papel de los micronutrientes como parte de la terapéutica en el paciente oncológico, así mismo su relación déficit y exceso en esta patología. La pérdida de peso del paciente se asocia con el tipo de tumor canceroso, ubicación, estadio, entre otras cosas, y de forma importante con los efectos psicógenos, anorexígenos, de malabsorción, mecánico y tóxicos que suelen ser colaterales al tratamiento antineoplásico. De allí la importancia de que el experto en nutrición debe realizar una adecuada evaluación nutricional integral que permita el diagnóstico nutricional, estudiar el patrón alimentario, determinar los efectos tóxicos del tratamiento antineoplásico para manejar los tiempos de excelencia del tratamiento, síntomas, signos y de esta manera intervenir de forma eficaz optimizando la calidad de vida del paciente y con ello la sobrevida. Existen controversias sobre qué factores alimentarios específicos están relacionados con la etiología del cáncer y los resultados de estudios sobre los factores metabólicos, de allí que la relación cáncer nutrición es compleja.


Since nutrition can influence the process of carcinogenesis, this study’s objectives are to review the relationship between nutrition and cancer from the point of view of the role of micronutrients in the treatment of cancer patients, and to get to know the deficit relationship and the excess of micronutrients, with the etiology and cancer treatment. At the same time the patient's weight loss relates, among other things, to the type of cancerous tumor, its location, stage thereof, reason for which it may be associated with the deficiency of macro and micronutrients as from psychogenic, anorectics and mal-absorption effects or with mechanical effects as obstruction, among other toxic effects that are common in the treatment of cancer. Hence, the importance that the nutrition expert must have in making an adequate overall nutritional evaluation that allows the nutritional diagnosis, in studying the dietary patterns, to determine the toxic effects of the antineoplastic treatment in order to handle the treatment’s timing excellence, symptoms and signs, and thus act effectively optimizing the patient’s life quality, and therewith his/her survival. There are controversies as to which specific dietary factors are related to cancer etiology and the results of studies on metabolic factors, and therefore, the relationship Cancer-Nutrition is quiet complex.


Subject(s)
Humans , Malnutrition/therapy , Nutritional Status , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/therapy , Trace Elements/therapeutic use , Vitamins/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Calcium/metabolism , Malnutrition/etiology , Micronutrients/metabolism , Quality of Life , Risk Factors , Trace Elements/metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism , Weight Loss
5.
J. bras. nefrol ; 33(1): 69-77, jan.-mar. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-579707

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos do comportamento alimentar, entre o hábito de jantar ou não jantar, no perfil de ingestão de macronutrientes e micronutrientes de pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica em hemodiálise. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal em uma clínica de diálise de Belo Horizonte, em Minas Gerais. Participaram do estudo 90 pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico. Foram coletados dados pessoais, clínicos e dietéticos (registro alimentar de três dias). Foi considerado jantar uma refeição completa e não jantar a sua ausência ou substituição por lanches. As estimativas das quantidades de nutrientes ingeridos foram feitas em software específico Dietwin®. RESULTADOS: Os valores de carboidrato, tiamina, riboflavina, ácido ascórbico, cálcio e selênio ingeridos não apresentaram diferença entre os grupos de pacientes que jantavam e não jantavam (p > 0,05). Os valores de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), energia, proteína, lipídeos, niacina, ácido pantotênico, piridoxina, ácido fólico, cobalamina, potássio, fósforo, zinco e magnésio ingeridos apresentaram diferença entre estes mesmos grupos (p < 0,05). Quanto às proporções de adequação desses nutrientes, o grupo dos que jantava apresentou maiores percentuais (p < 0,05), exceto para carboidratos, lipídeos, ácido pantotênico, ácido ascórbico, potássio, cálcio e zinco. Nenhum dos pacientes apresentou valores adequados de ingestão de piridoxina, ácido fólico e selênio. Energia, ácido pantotênico e zinco apresentaram baixos percentuais de adequação em ambos os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que o hábito de jantar influencia positivamente no consumo de macro e micronutrientes em pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise.


INTRODUCTION: To assess the effects of the habit of having evening dinner on the dietary macro- and micronutrient profile of chronic kidney failure patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out at a dialysis clinic at the city of Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais. The study comprised 90 patients undergoing hemodialysis. Personal, clinical, and dietary (three-day food record) data were collected. The habit of having dinner was considered as having a complete evening meal, and the lack of that habit was considered as not having it or replacing it by a fast meal. The amounts of nutrient intake were estimated in the specific software Dietwin®. RESULTS: The carbohydrate, thiamine, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, calcium, and selenium intake values showed no difference between the group having a complete evening meal and that not having it (p > 0.05). Both groups did not differ in the following: body mass index, and energy, protein, lipid, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, folic acid, cobalamin, potassium, phosphorus, zinc, and magnesium intake values (p < 0.05). Regarding nutrient adequacy, the complete evening meal group performed better than the other group, except for carbohydrates, lipids, pantothenic acid, ascorbic acid, potassium, calcium, and zinc (p < 0.05). None of the patients showed the adequate pyridoxine, folic acid, and selenium intake values. Few patients in both groups showed adequate energy, pantothenic acid, and zinc intake values. CONCLUSION: The habit of having a complete evening meal influenced positively the micro and macronutrient intakes in chronic kidney failure patients on hemodialysis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Deficiency Diseases/diagnosis , Eating , Feeding Behavior , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diet therapy , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism , Nutrition Assessment , Renal Dialysis , Vitamins/metabolism , Cross-Sectional Studies
6.
Femina ; 35(9): 579-584, set. 2007.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-493969

ABSTRACT

A descrição do transporte placentário envolve informações sobre mecanismos, propriedades e regulação genética das substâncias moleculares. As trocas materno-fetais se concretizam pelas células do sinciotrofoblasto (microvilosidades e camada basal da membrana plasmática) bem como o tecido conectivo e o endotélio capilar fetal. A transferência de glicose ocorre pelo mecanismo de difusão facilitada e já foram identificados na placenta humana aproximadamente 15 sistemas de transporte dos aminoácidos. A grande maioria das drogas é transportada pelo mecanismo de difusão, porém uma pequena parte depende de suas características fisicoquímicas.


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Biological Transport , Glucose/metabolism , Placenta/metabolism , Fetal Blood , Amino Acid Transport Systems/metabolism , Maternal-Fetal Exchange/physiology , Vitamins/metabolism , Fetal Growth Retardation/etiology
7.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 14(2): 87-93, abr.-jun. 2004.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-575411

ABSTRACT

A espectrometria de massa está sendo utilizada cada vez mais frequentemente na Medicina clínica, principalmente quando o homem é o objeto do experimento e, assim, diferentes aspectos do metabolismo intermediário são passíveis de estudo. Os isótopos estáveis são inócuos ao ser humano, portanto é possível utilizá-los em mulheres grávidas e crianças. Com o aumento da disponibilidade dos isótopos estáveis e laboratórios que trabalham com esta técnica, seu uso está se tornando cada vez mais difundido em nosso meio. A espectrometria de massa permite estudar, por exemplo, os processos envolvendo síntese e degradação protéica, o estudo do metabolismo intermediário e as relações intrínsecas entre lipídios, aminoácidos e hidratos de carbono. Permite diagnosticar defeitos de absorção de gordura, estudar a cinética de vitaminas e a absorção de minerais.


Mass spectrometry has been frequently applied in clinical medicine and research, especially when man is the object of experiment. With the current technology, different aspects of the intermediary metabolism may be studied. Stable isotopes are considered innocuous to the human being. Therefore, it is possible to use them in pregnant women and children. On the other hand, with the increasing availability of stable isotopes and laboratories that work with mass spectrometry technique, its use is also spreading among us. The use of mass spectrometry allows the study, for example, of protein synthesis capacity, amino acid metabolism, fat absorption defects vitamin kinetics, and the presence of Helicobacter pylori.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Nutritional Sciences , Fats/metabolism , Isotope Labeling , Carbohydrate Metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism
8.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2004 Jan; 42(1): 58-62
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-59948

ABSTRACT

The effect of exclusion of individual water-soluble (thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin, pantothenic acid, folic acid, niacin, biotin, choline, inositol, ascorbic acid) and fat-soluble vitamins (vit. A, D, K and E) in semi-purified diets on growth and survival of juvenile shrimp, P. monodon was studied in the laboratory for 8 weeks. Diets lacking riboflavin and vitamin K did not affect growth and survival of shrimp. However, deletion of inositol and choline resulted in poor growth. Maximum growth was observed in the control diet (C1) which was supplemented with all vitamins. Diet deficient in ascorbic acid, biotin, folic acid, niacin, thiamine and alpha-tocopherol resulted in poor appetite and poorer feed conversion efficiency. All treatments except the control (C1) resulted in histological changes in the digestive gland cells. Detachment or destruction of the epithelial cells was observed in all treatments lacking individual vitamins but more severely in the treatment without a vitamin supplement followed by inositol, choline and ascorbic acid deficient diets.


Subject(s)
Animal Feed , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Animals , Body Weight/drug effects , Choline/metabolism , Crustacea , Diet , Inositol/metabolism , Nutritional Requirements , Vitamin A/metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism , Water/metabolism
9.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 534-540, 2003.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-156007

ABSTRACT

To investigate association between breast cancer risk and nutrients intake in Korean women, a case-control study was carried out, at Seoul, Korea. Incident cases (n=224) were identified through the cancer biopsy between February 1999 and December 2000 at two University hospitals in Seoul. Hospital-based controls (n=250) were selected from patients in the same hospitals, during the same periods. Food intake was investigated semiquantitative frequency questionnaire (98 items) by trained dietitian. Subjects were asked to indicate the average food intake and vitamin supplement for a 12 months period of 3-yr prior to the base-line phase. In investigation of vitamin supplement use, subjects were asked the average frequency of use, duration, dose and the brand name of vitamin supplement (multivitamins, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E). And nutrients were calorie adjusted by the residuals method. In this study, higher breast cancer risk incidence was not observed with higher intake of total fat and saturated fatty acids, however statistically significant trends with breast cancer incidence for total saturated fatty acids were found (p trend =0.0458). In analyses of vitamins, beta-carotene and vitamin C were significantly associated with decreasing risk of breast cancer. In analyses, results from dietary plus supplement of vitamin was not associated with breast cancer risk in this study. In conclusion, our findings suggest that antioxidant vitamins such as beta-carotene and vitamin C intake could lower the breast cancer risk in Korean women.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Ascorbic Acid/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Dietary Fats/metabolism , Dietary Supplements , Incidence , Korea , Odds Ratio , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Vitamin E/metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism , beta Carotene/metabolism
10.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2001 Jun; 39(6): 558-63
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-60230

ABSTRACT

Effects of photodynamic treatments on inherent antioxidant metabolites and cellular defence enzymes have been investigated in rats. Wistar rats were grouped into untreated controls, light controls, hematoporphyrin derivative (Hpd) (treated with 5 and 10 mg Hpd/kg body weight and kept in dark) and sets treated with both Hpd and red light (dose 172 and 344 j/m2 ). After 2, 24, 48 and 72 hr of Hpd injection the rats sacrificed, livers quickly excised to analyze Hpd uptake, activities of enzymes like catalase, GSH-Px and antioxidants like GSH, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C. The results showed that the loss of Hpd from liver as a function of post- injection time was non- linear. An increased generation of lipid radicals was observed in the groups treated with 5 mg Hpd and higher dose of light and in groups treated with 10 mg Hpd at both the doses of light. Combination of light and Hpd reduced hepatic GSH content with a concomitant reduction in GSH-Px. At higher doses of Hpd and light, there was a significant reduction in hepatic vitamin A levels. Combination of Hpd and light in all doses reduced vitamin E content in liver. The decreased biological antioxidant contents and GSH-Px may be attributed to their utilization for the scavenging of free radicals generated by Hpd and light in tissues. However, no change in catalase activity and vitamin C content in liver was noted in experimental rats. The results suggest that exposure to higher doses of Hpd with light alters oxidant stress system and TBARS content in rat.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Hematoporphyrin Derivative/pharmacokinetics , Liver/metabolism , Male , Photochemotherapy , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism
11.
Säo Paulo; s.n; 1998. 181 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-218327

ABSTRACT

Apesar da evoluçäo tecnológica, estudos sobre a estabilidade de nutrientes em alimentos preparados em Serviços de Alimentaçäo têm recebido pouca atençäo. No entanto, é cada vez maior o número de pessoas que fazem suas refeiçöes nestes estabelecimentos. Uma vez que o conteúdo em vitaminas é um dos fatores mais importantes na determinaçäo da qualidade dos alimentos processados, o objetivo deste estudo foi definir métodos de análise quantitativa para tiamina, riboflavina e ácido nicotínico por CLAE em carnes, para, entäo, avaliar a influência da preparaçäo em Serviço de Alimentaçäo sobre o conteúdo destas vitaminas em diferentes cortes de carne bovina, suína e de frango. Objetivou-se também avaliar a estabilidade das vitaminas citadas após métodos de preparaçäo tradicionais comparados com métodos de preparaçäo em forno combinado (um dos equipamentos de cocçäo mais modernos utilizados em Serviço de Alimentaçäo)...


Subject(s)
Vitamin B Complex/analysis , Food Quality , Food Services , Meat/analysis , Vitamins/metabolism , Food Analysis , Food Technology , Niacin/metabolism , Riboflavin/metabolism , Thiamine/metabolism
12.
Actual. pediátr ; 6(4): 160-6, dic. 1996.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-190398

ABSTRACT

Se hace una revisión sobre las vitaminas, analizando sus acciones diferentes a las nutricionales o revitalizadoras como tradicionalmente se han considerado. Se revisan sus funciones como mediadores de las reacciones bioquímicas del organismo, como primeros mensajeros de la información biológica, como moduladores de la respuesta inmune, como factores de diferenciación, etc., dependiendo de las dosis y esquemas terapéuticos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Vitamins/chemistry , Vitamins/immunology , Vitamins/metabolism , Vitamins/therapeutic use
13.
In. Ruz Ortiz, Manuel; Araya L., Héctor; Atalah Samur, Eduardo; Soto Alvarez, Delia. Nutrición y salud. Santiago de Chile, Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Nutrición, abr. 1996. p.63-82.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-173388
14.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-41934

ABSTRACT

The effect on protein and amino acid metabolism of combined oral contraceptives (OC) containing 150 micrograms of laevonorgestrel and 30 micrograms of ethinyl oestradiol was studied in a group of 34 healthy non-lactating women. This was compared to an identical study conducted in another group of 19 subjects who used IUCDs for contraception, and also in two other groups of subjects who were given an additional multivitamin preparation on a daily basis (29 subjects) and on the days when OC was not taken (29 subjects). Assessments were made prior to, and during the third week of the 4th, 7th, and the 13th cycles of OC treatment. Results indicated that the ceruloplasmin and retinol binding protein underwent significant increases with OC usage, while sex hormone binding globulin concentration, on the other hand, remained unaffected. At the same time, a significant reduction of several of the plasma amino acid and plasma albumin concentrations was observed, suggesting that the increase in the visceral and other types of protein concentrations previously noted was due to increased hepatic protein synthesis rather than increased breakdown or excretion as result of OC intake. Interesting biochemical alterations and metabolic effects previously observed may well be related to this altered synthesis and release of proteins and/or protein binders as well as induction of certain metabolic enzymes from the liver.


Subject(s)
Amino Acids/metabolism , Ceruloplasmin/metabolism , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Proteins/metabolism , Retinol-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma , Serum Globulins/metabolism , Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin/metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism
15.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 41(1): 9-18, mar. 1991.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-108029

ABSTRACT

Se sabe que ciertos nutrientes actúan sobre el metabolismo de otros nutrientes, así como de ciertas substancias no nutrientes. La importancia nutricional que pueda ser atribuida a tales interrelaciones depende de los nivels considerados como fisiológicos para cada nutriente, y su mantenimiento en niveles aceptables en los tejidos, para la defensa del organismo. La interacción entre las vitaminas y os minerales ha sido descrita en varias situaciones metabólicas y contínua siendo investigada por diferentes autores. Esta ocurre de tres formas por lo menos: a partir de la acción de las vitaminas sobre el metabolismo de minerales, de la acción de ambos nutrientes en la protección del organismo, y de la acción de los minerales sobre el metabolismo de las vitaminas. En cuanto a la acción de las vitaminas sobre el metabolismo de los minerales, el calcio y del fósforo. También se comenta la interrelación entre la vitamina C y algunos minerales, con énfase a su relación con el hierro. Respecto a la acción sinérgica de vitaminas y minerales en la defensa del organismo, se discuten los principales datos en cuanto al papel bioquímico-fisiológico de la vitamina A y su interación con el selenio. finalmente, respecto a la acción de los minerales sobre el metabolismo de las vitaminas, se señla la interacción existente entre la vitamina A y el zinc. En lo que atañe a la posible interacción de niacina, vitamina B6 y zinc, se informan datos observados por el autor a nivel experimental en animales de laboratorio


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Humans , Minerals/metabolism , Vitamins/physiology , Calcium/metabolism , Iron/metabolism , Minerals/physiology , Phosphorus/metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism , Zinc/metabolism
16.
In. Waitzberg, Dan Linetzky. Nutricao enteral e parenteral na pratica clinica. s.l, Atheneu, 1990. p.37-51, tab. (Enfermagem. Nutricao).
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-108250
17.
Gac. méd. Caracas ; 97(1/3): 15-30, ene.-mar. 1989. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-79059

ABSTRACT

Hemos desarrollado un medio de cultivo libre de proteinas y se contiene sales, glucosa, D-ribosa, 2-deoxyribosa, hemina, tricina, HEPES, 34 aminoácidos, 23 vitaminas, 6 nucleótidos y ácido tetrahidrofólico, donde 17 cepas de Leishmanias pertenecientes a 4 especies: brasiliensis, mexicana, donovani y garnhami crecen en forma continua a 26 grados C. Las distintas especies presentan una variabilidad muy grande en cuanto a requerimientos nutritivos se refiere, lo cual nos ha llevado a preparar medios minimos químicamente definidos para cada subespecie de Leishmania. La virulencia de los parasitos en estos medios se mantiene después de 30 pasajes en el medio definido. Los requimientos para la diferenciación en amastigotes también cambian según las especies de Leishmanias y varia en función de la temperatura del medio de cultivo así como del contenido proteico del mismo. Los péptidos trípticos obtenidos de la albúmina sérica bovina sustituyen al suero fetal bovino como factor de crecimiento entre 30-34 grados C


Subject(s)
Culture Media/biosynthesis , In Vitro Techniques , Leishmaniasis/parasitology , Parasites/isolation & purification , Amino Acids/metabolism , Vitamins/metabolism
18.
Pediatr. mod ; 22(3): 116,7, 120,122, passim, abr. 1987.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-40486

ABSTRACT

A despeito da enorme importância das vitaminas e sais minerais no metabolismo celular dos tecidos e no correto desenvolvimento, crescimento e desempenho funcional dos órgäos, na manutençäo das funçöes vitais e resistência às infecçöes, pouca atençäo têm estes recebido no que diz respeito à sua influência na saúde bucal. A carência de vitaminas apresenta repercussöes na saúde bucal, na higidez da mucosa, língua e estruturas de suporte dos dentes, e mesmo os dentes podem sofrer a açäo dessa carência se sua ocorrência se verificar no estágio de desenvolvimento dentário


Subject(s)
Avitaminosis/complications , Oral Health , Tooth/physiopathology , Vitamins/metabolism
19.
s.l; s.n; 1986. 9 p. tab. (INCAP E-1194).
Non-conventional in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-44832

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades diarreicas contribuyen el deterioro nutricional de los niños cuando no se les alimenta bien. Casi todas las diarreas se acompañan de malabsorción intestinal que produce pérdidas de nutrientes y puede agravar la diarrea. Por ello es importante alimentar adecuadamente al paciente desde el inicio de la enfermedad hasta que alcance una recuperación nutricional completa durante la convalescencia. En ausencia de información experimental concluyente sobre ventajas o inconvenientes del uso de diversos alimentos, se debe tomar en cuenta la fisiopatología de la enfermedad, los antecedentes alimentarios del paciente y las características de los alimentos disponibles para hacer recomendaciones. En este artículo se hace una revisión de la fisiología gastrointestinal y las alteraciones fisiopatológicas en la enfermedad diarreica. En base a ello se plantean recomendaciones generales para el manejo alimentario del paciente con diarrea y se resumen las sugerencias de un grupo de expertos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud que se reunió en Ginebra en octubre de 1984


Subject(s)
Humans , Diarrhea, Infantile/physiopathology , Diet , Intestinal Absorption , Vitamins/metabolism , Carbohydrates/metabolism , Fluid Therapy , Minerals/metabolism , Diarrhea, Infantile/diet therapy
20.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 3(10): 3-7, 1985. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-80479

ABSTRACT

Tanto quanto na infância, a boa alimentaçäo do adolescente é fundamental tendo em vista seu crescimento rápido e as profundas modificaçöes somáticas que ocorrem nesse período da vida, täo importante e quase sempre esquecido. Cuidar do adolescente de forma global, nos seus aspectos físico, psíquico e social, orientar o jovem com relaçäo a uma alimentaçäo sadia e equilibrada, em que o lado qualitativo dos alimentos seja mais valorizado que o lado quantitativo do mesmo, significa lutar por uma nova geraçäo de adultos sadios e, oxalá, felizes


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Female , Vitamins/metabolism , Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism , Calcium/metabolism , Fats/metabolism , Iron/metabolism , Nutritional Requirements , Nutritive Value , Dietary Proteins/metabolism , Pregnancy in Adolescence
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